Karfe farantin karfe

Karfe mai lebur wanda aka jefa tare da ƙarfe mai cike da ƙarfe da aka matse bayan sanyaya.
Yana da ɗakin kwana, rectangular kuma ana iya yin birgima kai tsaye ko a yanka daga tube mara nauyi.
Farantin karfe ya rarrabu gwargwadon kauri, bakin ciki mai kauri ƙasa da 4 mm (ehinnestnnestnnestnnestnnnnest ne), mm mai kauri-matsakaici ne 4-60 mm, da kuma karin-lokacin farin karfe shine 60-115 mm.
Zazzan zanen karfe sun rarrabu zuwa cikin kwano mai sanyi da sanyi-birgima bisa ga mirgine.
Faɗin farantin bakin ciki shine 500 ~ 1500 mm; Faɗin takardar lokacin farin ciki shine 600 ~ 3000 mm. Zanen gado an rarrabe ta hanyar karfe, ciki har da talakawa, siloy karfe, bakin karfe, silicon karfe da masana'antu mai tsabta na ƙarfe, da dai sauransu.; Farantin enamel, farantin katako, da sauransu. A cewar takarda, tin-plowite takarda, filastik poloite farantin, da sauransu.
Low alloy karfe mai tsari
(Hakanan ana kiranta talakawa low alloy karfe, hsla)
1. Manufa
Galibi ana amfani da shi wajen kera gadoji, jiragen ruwa, motoci, masu boils, manya manya, man da gas kuma, da sauransu.
2. Bukatun Aiki
(1) Babban ƙarfi: gabaɗaya karfinsa yana sama da 300pp.
(2) Babban wahala: Ana buƙatar elongation a cikin 15% zuwa 20%, da kuma tasirin taurin a ɗakin zafin jiki ya fi 600kj / m. Don manyan kayan aikin da aka selded, tauri mai ƙarfi.
(3) kyakkyawan walkiya da sanyi tsari.
(4) ƙarancin zafin jiki mai rauni.
(5) kyakkyawan juriya.
3. Halayen Sinmai
(1) carbon mai ƙarancin carbon: saboda babban buƙatu don tauri, weldableanci da kuma sanyi ƙidewa, abun ciki na carbon baya wuce 0.20%.
(2) Addara abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da abubuwan da aka tsara.
(3) Dingara abubuwa masu amfani kamar niobium, titanium ko vanadium, titanium na samar da kyawawan carsron, da haɓaka ƙarfi da haɓaka ƙarfe.
Bugu da kari, ƙara karamin jan karfe (≤0%) da phosphorus (kimanin 0.1%) na iya inganta juriya na lalata. Dingara karamin adadin abubuwan duniya masu wuya za su iya yin asunkza da duwatsu, tsattsauran karfe, da kuma inganta sahihanci da aiwatarwa.
4. Nan da aka saba amfani da shi da ƙarfe
Thisn shine mafi yawan amfani da kuma mafi yawan nau'ikan ƙananan-kaɗan-karfin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasata. Tsarin da ake amfani da shi yana da kyau-groged Ferbro-pearlite, kuma ƙarfin shine kusan kashi 20% zuwa kashi 20%, da 3% zuwa 38 zuwa 38% mafi girma.
15nvn shine mafi yawan ƙarfe a cikin matsakaiciyar-matsakaici-ƙarfi. Yana da karfi sosai, da kuma wahala mai kyau, weldability da ƙarancin zafin jiki kamar gado, masu boilers, da jiragen ruwa.
Bayan matakin karfin ya wuce 500pta, mai ferrite da pearlite yana da wahalar biyan bukatun, don haka low carbon boinitic karfe an bunkasa. Bugu da kari na cr, mo, mn, b da sauran abubuwa suna da amfani wajen samun tsarin baki a cikin yanayin iska, domin karfin aikin ya fi kyau, kuma ana amfani dashi ne a cikin matsin lamba masu tsayi , tasoshin manya-matsin lamba, da sauransu.
5. Halayen magani mai zafi
Wannan nau'in baƙin ƙarfe anyi amfani dashi koyaushe a cikin ruwan da aka yi birgima da kuma iska-sanyaya kuma baya buƙatar magani mai zafi na musamman. Mikrostructure cikin yanayin da ke amfani da shi gaba ɗaya Ferrite + Sorbite.
Alloy carburized karfe
1. Manufa
Ana amfani da shi a mafi yawan amfani wajen ƙirƙirar kayan da ke cikin motoci da tallan, zambin, piston fil da sauran sassan injin kan injunan konewa na ciki. Irin waɗannan sassan suna fama da ɓarke ​​mai ƙarfi da kuma saka yayin aiki, kuma a lokaci guda suna ɗaukar manyan madadin kaya, musamman masu ɗaukar kaya.
2. Bukatun Aiki
(1) saman carburized Layer yana da wuya mai wuya don tabbatar da kyakkyawan sa juriya da kuma tuntuɓar gajiya juriya, kazalika da kauri da kauri.
(2) Core yana da babban wahala da yawan ƙarfi. Lokacin da taurin kai ba ta isa ba, abu ne mai sauki ka karye a karkashin aikin mai tasiri ko kuma overload; Lokacin da ƙarfin bai isa ba, Laylle carburized Layer yana da sauƙin karya kuma peeled kashe.
(3) Kyakkyawan aikin magani mai zafi a ƙarƙashin zafin jiki na carburizing (900 ℃ ~ 950 ℃), hatsi na Austenite ba su da sauƙi don haɓaka kuma suna da wahala.
3. Halayen Sinmai
(1) Carbon mara nauyi: abun ciki na carbon gabaɗaya 3.10% zuwa 0.25%, don haka ainihin ɓangaren yana da isasshen filastik da tauri.
(2) Qara abubuwan da zasu iya yin amfani da abubuwa don inganta wuya: cr, ni, Mn, b, da sauransu. Sau da yawa ana ƙara ƙara sau da yawa.
(3) kara abubuwan da ke hana ci gaban hatsi na Austenite: akasarin ƙara yawan adadin carbide mai ƙarfi na Ti, V, W, MO, da sauransu don samar da daskararrun carbides.
4. M karfe da aji
20Cr ƙarancin wuya alloy karfe. Wannan nau'in ƙarfe yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi da ƙarancin ƙarfi.
20crmtti matsakaici hardenabil alloy karfe karfe. Irin wannan ƙarfe yana da ƙarfi, ƙarancin overheating, ƙarancin carburitizing canzawa, da kuma kyawawan kaddarorin da na fasaha.
18Cr2ni4a 20cr2ni4a high wuya alloy karfe karfe. Irin wannan ƙarfe ya ƙunshi ƙarin abubuwa kamar cr da NI, yana da ƙarfi, kuma yana da tauri mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
5. Jiyya na zafi da kaddarorin microstructure
Tsarin aikin zafi na alloy carburized karfe galibi yana quite kai tsaye bayan carburizing, sannan kuma zafin ciwo a yawan zafin jiki. Bayan jiyya na zafi, tsarin farfajiya na carburized Layer shine Dayoy Cathettiite + Wani karamin adadin ya riƙe Austenite, kuma wuya shine 60hrc ~ 62hrc. Core tsarin yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin ƙarfe da keɓaɓɓun girman sassan. Lokacin da cikakken ci gaba, yana da ƙananan carbons mai tsananin ƙarfi-carbensite tare da wahala na 40hrc zuwa 48hrc; A mafi yawan lokuta, takin garanti ne mai ƙarfin jin daɗi da ƙananan baƙin ƙarfe. Motar kashi, taurin kai shine 25hrc ~ 40hrc. Tauyayar zuciya gaba daya ce ta sama da 700kj / m2.
Alloy ya quenched da zafin karfe
1. Manufa
Almoy ya yi amfani da karfe mai ƙarfi ana amfani da shi sosai wajen ƙirƙirar ɓangarorin daban-daban akan motoci, kamar gears, suna haɗa sanduna, kusoshi, da sauransu.
2. Bukatun Aiki
Yawancin ɓangaren da suka yi da za a yi amfani da kaya iri-iri, yanayin damuwa ya buƙaci hadaddun, da babban ƙarfi da kuma tauri. Alloy quenched da tsananin bakin karfe kuma yana buƙatar da wuya. Koyaya, yanayin damuwa na sassa daban daban, kuma buƙatun don ƙarfin hali daban ne.
3. Halayen Sinmai
(1) Carbon Carbon: Abubuwan Carbon gaba ɗaya ne tsakanin 0.25% da 0.50%, tare da 0.4% a cikin mafi yawansu;
(2) Daɗa abubuwa masu cr, MN, Ni, da sauransu don haɓaka ƙarfin zuciya: ban da inganta wahala, waɗannan abubuwan allon kuma su inganta karfin ƙarfe. Misali, wasan kwaikwayon 40cr bayan kunyewa da magani da magani yana sama da na 45 karfe;
(3) kara abubuwa don hana nau'in zafin jiki na biyu: Aliloy Queched da tsananin karfe wanda ya cika ni, cr, wanda yake mai yiwuwa ga nau'in zafin jiki da kuma jinkirin sanyaya. Adding Mo and W to steel can prevent the second type of temper brittleness, and its suitable content is about 0.15%-0.30% Mo or 0.8%-1.2% W.
Kwatanta da kaddarorin na 45 karfe da 40cr karfe bayan quenching da fushi
Karfe Sauyin Sashe da Tsuntsu Sashe na Tsuntsu SS / MPa D5 / dari D5 / dari K /% AK / KJ / M2
45 karfe 850 ℃ ruwa quenching, 550 ℃ mying F50 700 500 15 400
405 ℃ Oil Quenching, 570 ℃ Matsa F50 (Core) 850 670 16000
4. M karfe da aji
(1) 40cr ƙarancin ƙarfi ya cika da ƙarfin ƙarfe: mahimmancin diamita na mai shine 30mm zuwa 40mm, wanda ake amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar mahimman sassan babban girma.
(2) 35CrMo medium hardenability alloy quenched and tempered steel: the critical diameter of oil quenching of this type of steel is 40mm to 60mm. Additionarin ƙari na Molybdenum ba zai iya inganta ƙarfin ba, har ma yana hana nau'in ƙarfin gwiwa.
(3) 40crno babban ƙarfi alloy quenched da tsananin baƙin ƙarfe: mafi mahimmancin diamita na man shafawa mai ruwa ne 6mm-100mm, mafi yawansu urromium karfe. Dingara Molybdenum mai dacewa zuwa Chromium-Nickel Karfe Ba kawai yana da ƙarfi kawai ba, har ma yana kawar da nau'in zafin mutum na biyu.
5. Jiyya na zafi da kaddarorin microstructure
Jin zafi na ƙarshe na righoy quenched da tsananin karfe yana quenching da kuma zafin zafin jiki mai zafi (quenching da fushi). Alloy quenched da tsananin karfe yana da babban ƙarfin, da mai ana amfani da shi. Lokacin da karancin abu ne musamman babba, zai iya zama iska mai sanyi, wanda zai iya rage lahani mai zafi.
Kayayyakin karshe na alloy quenched da ƙarfin karfe ya dogara da zafin jiki mai zafin jiki. Generally, tempering at 500℃-650℃ is used. Ta hanyar zabar zazzabi mai zafin jiki, ana iya samun kaddarorin da ake buƙata. Don hana nau'in zafin jiki na biyu, sanyaya ruwa (sanyaya ruwa ko sanyaya ruwa) bayan zafin jiki yana da amfani ga cigaban sa.
Makusan unoyruchure na riguna ya yi da baƙin ƙarfe bayan maganin zafi na al'ada yana da ƙarfi ga ɗan iska mai ƙarfi. Don sassan da ke buƙatar sanannun saman-tsayayya (kamar gears da spindles), haifar da dumama surfering mai ƙarancin zafin rana ana yin su, da kuma tsarin fuskar Martence. Harshen ƙasa zai iya kaiwa 55hrc ~ 58hrc.
Yawan amfanin ƙasa na riguna ya yi da zafin ƙarfe bayan ya kunshi 800pta, da kuma taurin kai shine 8hrc ~ 25hrc. Idan girman bangaren giciye ya kasance babba kuma bai taurare ba, an rage wasan kwaikwayon.